Gene mutations that delete the other genes, enabling and disabling may lie at the heart of the two forms of blood cancer, non-Hodgkin lymphoma.
Two separate studies found mutations in the gene MLL2 lead to cancer, scientists report online on July 27, in nature and 31 July in nature Genetics. For some subtypes of Hodgkin Lymphoma-mutations appear to account for the majority of cases.
"Place in MLL2 gets right-top of the list," says Ryan Morin British Columbia Cancer Agency in Vancouver. Morin and his colleagues found that the gene is mutated in 89% of cases, grudkowy, slow-growing form of the disease.
"Is [mutant], defining the disease," says Riccardo Dalla-Favera, molecular hematologist at Columbia University and coauthor of the paper in nature Genetics.
Both studies found that mutations in MEF2B are associated with a form of cancer known as Lymphoma germinal Centre.
Mutations are among 100 people Lymphoma, authors of the paper in nature Genetics estimate. This gives the idea of landscape changes in the genetic disease, "says Dalla-Favera. "Biology is yet to be examined."
But even with limited information, as do two newly discovered mutations, their Ubiquity in certain forms of Hodgkin's lymphoma-they could make, their good targets for the fight against cancer drugs.
Two genes help, turning on and off other genes by changes of epigenetyczne-chemical tags on DNA or associated proteins that change how genes operate without changing their content information. In this case, these tags affect how tightly the DNA strands are nakrecane around the protein, similar to a buffer, called histones, which package of genetic material and prevent getting tangled up.
Researchers think gene mutations that interfere with the activation generally, but that the change of the activity of a small number of genes is probably have cancer.
"I don't think Epigenetics intends to act in each cancer, but is really underappreciated," Morin says.
Found in: Body and brain and genes and cells
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